Rex Jameson bikes and swims regularly, and plays tennis and skis
when time allows. But the 5-foot-11, 180-pound software engineer is
lucky if he presses 200 pounds _ that is, until he steps into an
"exoskeleton" of aluminum and electronics that multiplies
his strength and endurance as many as 20 times.
With the outfit's claw-like metal hand extensions, he
gripped a weight set's bar at a recent demonstration and
knocked off hundreds of repetitions. Once, he did 500.
"Everyone gets bored much more quickly than I get
tired," Jameson said.
Jameson _ who works for robotics firm Sarcos Inc. in Salt Lake
City, which is under contract with the U.S. Army _ is helping
assess the 150-pound suit's viability for the soldiers of
tomorrow. The suit works by sensing every movement the wearer makes
and almost instantly amplifying it.
The Army believes soldiers may someday wear the suits in combat,
but it's focusing for now on applications such as loading cargo
or repairing heavy equipment. Sarcos is developing the technology
under a two-year contract worth up to $10 million, and the Army
plans initial field tests next year.
Before the technology can become practical, the developers must
overcome cost barriers and extend the suit's battery life.
Jameson was tethered to power cords during his demonstration
because the current battery lasts just 30 minutes.
But the technology already offers evidence that robotics can
amplify human muscle power in reality _ not just in the realm of
comic books and movies like the recently debuted "Iron
Man," about a wealthy weapons designer who builds a high-tech
suit to battle bad guys.
"Everybody likes the idea of being a superhero, and this is
all about expanding the capabilities of a human," said Stephen
Jacobsen, chief designer of the Sarcos suit.
The Army's exoskeleton research dates to 1995, but has yet
to yield practical suits. Sarcos' technology sufficiently
impressed Raytheon Co., however, that the Waltham, Mass.-based
defense contractor bought Sarcos' robotics business last
November. Sarcos also has developed robotic dinosaurs for a
Universal Studios' "Jurassic Park" theme park
ride.
Jack Obusek, a former colonel now with the Army's Soldier
Research Development and Engineering Center in the Boston suburb of
Natick, foresees robot-suited soldiers unloading heavy ammunition
boxes from helicopters, lugging hundreds of pounds of gear over
rough terrain or even relying on the suit's strength-enhancing
capabilities to make repairs to tanks that break down in
inconvenient locations.
Sarcos' Jacobsen envisions factory workers someday using the
technology to perform manual labor more easily, and firefighters
more quickly carrying heavy gear up stairwells of burning
buildings. Disabled people also may find uses for the technology,
he said.
"We see the value being realized when these suits can be
built in great numbers for both military and commercial uses, and
they start coming down in cost to within the range of the price of
a small car," said Jacobsen. He declined to estimate how much
the suit might cost in mass production.
But cost isn't the only obstacle. For example, developers
eventually hope to lengthen the suit's backpack battery's
life and tinker with the suit's design to use less energy.
Meanwhile, the suit can draw power from a generator, a tank or
helicopter. And there are gas engines that, while noisy, small
enough to fit into the suit's backpack.
"The power issue is probably the No. 1 challenge standing
in the way of getting this thing in the field," Obusek
said.
But he said Sarcos appears to have overcome the key challenge of
pairing super-fast microprocessors with sensors that detect
movements by the body's joints and transmit data about them to
the suit's internal computer.
Much as the brain sends signals to tendons to get muscles to
move, the computer sends instructions to hydraulic valves. The
valves mimic tendons by driving the suit's mechanical limbs,
replicating and amplifying the wearer's movements almost
instantly.
"With all the previous attempts at this technology, there
has been a slight lag time between the intent of the human, and the
actual movement of the machine," Obusek said.
In the demonstration, the bulky suit slowed Jameson a bit, but
he could move almost normally. When a soccer ball was thrown at
him, he bounced it back off his helmeted head. He repeatedly struck
a punching bag and, slowly but surely, he climbed stairs in the
suit's clunky aluminum boots, which made him look like a
Frankenstein monster.
"It feels less agile than it is," Jameson said.
"Because of the way the control laws work, it's ever so
slightly slower than I am. And because we are so in tune with our
bodies' responses, this tiny delay initially made me
tense."
Now, he's used to it.
"I can regain my balance naturally after stumbling _
something I discovered completely by accident."
Learning was easy, he said.
"It takes no special training, beyond learning to relax and
trust the robot," he said.
____
AP Photographer Douglas C. Pizac contributed to this report from
Salt Lake City.
____
On the Net:
Video link to demonstration of Sarcos robotic suit:
http://www.raytheon.com/newsroom/technology/rtn08_exoskeleton/
Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.